Alright, here's a list of words commonly used in anime or in Japan in general. you're learning the romanji form or Japanese. That's when the Japanese language is spelled out with the Roman alphabet, so mainly English (and other languages that use a form of the Roman alphabet) speakers can learn how to read and write it faster.
aa, ee, un : yes (informal). "aa" is generally only used by men, "un" only by women. "ee" is used by everybody.
abayo : casual goodbye, kinda like "see ya"; it can be rude in some situations
abunai : dangerous, threatening; it's also used to shout warnings, the same way we say "look out!"
aburi : fried tofu
ahou : moron
ai : love
aishiteru : love (the verb). It's used specifically for romantic love.
aisuru : love, sweetheart, beloved
akari : light
akirameru : the verb "give up/surrender"
aku : evil, wicked, bad, etc.
aku soku zan : literally "kill evil instantly" (from Rurouni Kenshin)
ane : older sister. The Japanese have different categories of "family" words depending on whose family (yours or someone else's) you're talking about. You would use "ane" to refer to your sister when she's not in your presence. If you were talking directly to her (or were talking about someone else's sister) you would use "onee"
ani : older brother. The same rules apply as for "ane" above. The other word for older brother is "onii".
ano/sono/kono/dono/ : These are used before nouns and mean, in order: "that (over there)/that/this/which one?"
ano hi : literally "this day"
ano hito : literally "that person"
ano toki : literally "that time"; it's often translated in context as "back then", "at that time", etc.
anou : "well..."
ara/are : oh, or "huh?" ; "Ara" is used by women, "Are" by men.
are/sore/kore/dore : these are the versions of "ano/sono, etc." (see above) without nouns. The meanings are the same. The differences between the two sets are grammatical; check out a Japanese textbook for more information.
arigatou gozaimasu : "thank you very much"; the most formal version is "domo arigatou gozaimasu"; the casual version is "arigatou" (thanks, thank you)
arimasen/imasen : The negative forms of two verbs, both meaning "isn't", as in "does not exist". This is another grammatical thing. Both "aru" and "iru" mean "to exist/be" and also "have", but the former is used for objects, the latter for living things (such as people). The past tense is "arimashita/imashita". Present is "arimasu/imasu". You hear these verbs constantly in anime, for obvious reasons. Look how common the verb "to be" is in English!
asa : morning
asagohan/hirugohan/bangohan/gohan : in order: breakfast/lunch/dinner/meal. "gohan" is actually the word for rice. To the Japanese, rice is essential to any meal, hence the connection :)
ashita : tomorrow
asoko/soko/koko/doko : these words refer to locations. In order: "there (far away)/there/here/where?". Commonly heard is "koko wa" (usually translated as "where am I?" ). It literally means "this place is"
atama : head
atarashii : new
atsui : hot (temperature or weather)
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